- JanaGanaMana

Articles2

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-35719-0_4

Analysis of the Attractor-Based Search System

2024-01-01

The Traveling Salesman Problem

10.1007/978-3-031-35719-0_4

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35719-0_4

AbstractThis chapter analyzes the search behavior of the ABSS in detail to answer three fundamental questions for the ABSS: (1) how can we construct the edge configuration of the attractor using a small set of local search trajectories? (2) what is the relationship between the size of the constructed attractor and the size of the TSP instance? and (3) is the best tour in the attractor the optimal tour in the solution space?

-- Li, Weiqi

doi:10.1007/978-981-99-5800-9_4

SSMB Radiation

2024-01-01

Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Steady-State Microbunching

10.1007/978-981-99-5800-9_4

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5800-9_4

AbstractHaving discussed the methods to form and preserve microbunching in the last two chapters, now we present the theoretical and numerical study of the average and statistical property of coherent radiation from SSMB. Our results show that a kW-level average power quasi-continuous-wave EUV radiation can be obtained from an SSMB ring, provided that an average current of 1 A and bunch length of 3 nm microbunch train can be formed at the radiator which is assumed to be an undulator. Together with its narrowband feature, the EUV photon flux can reach $$10^{15}\sim 10^{16}$$1015∼1016 phs/s within a 0.1 meV energy bandwidth, which is three orders of magnitude higher than that in a conventional synchrotron source, allowing sub-meV resolution in angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and providing new opportunities for fundamental physics research. In the theoretical investigation, we have generalized the definition and derivation of the transverse form factor of an electron beam which can quantify the impact of its transverse size on coherent radiation.

-- Deng, Xiujie

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-38241-3_65

Evaluating a Grey-Box System Identification Module for a Digital Twin

2024-01-01

Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing: Establishing Bridges for More Sustainable Manufacturing Systems

10.1007/978-3-031-38241-3_65

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38241-3_65

AbstractA key element of any digital twin is the digital replica, or model, of its physical counterpart. When applied to industrial automation systems, it is important to consider the trade-off between model fidelity and computational complexity when developing this model. In this paper, we investigate the use of grey-box modelling as a means of reducing computational complexity while maintaining model fidelity. Two sets of tests are performed on a three-link robotic manipulator to evaluate the effect of input disturbances on the fidelity of the digital twin’s system identification module. The results of the test show that the system identification model’s parameter estimation is sensitive to input disturbances; however, despite this sensitivity, the model is able to accurately predict the dynamic response of the robotic manipulator.

-- Lesage, Jonathan Brennan, Robert W.

doi:10.2991/978-94-6463-264-4_63

Research on the Establishment and Application of Russian Examination System Based on AI Technology

2024-01-01

Proceedings of the 2023 3rd International Conference on Education, Information Management and Service Science (EIMSS 2023)

10.2991/978-94-6463-264-4_63

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-264-4_63

AbstractWith the development and application of artificial intelligence technology, the establishment and application of a Russian exam system based on AI technology has become a research hotspot. Such an examination system uses Natural language processing, speech recognition, machine learning and other technologies to provide a more efficient, accurate and personalized Russian examination experience. Firstly, we have designed a relatively comprehensive network intelligence based intelligent dialogue learning teaching mode based on students' intelligent dialogue learning needs through design based research methods. Then, based on the actual needs of intelligent dialogue teaching and the characteristics of the platform, we constructed an intelligent dialogue teaching platform for Russian exams and applied it in practice. This platform gradually guides learners to think and engage in dialogue through a series of comparative analysis, promoting the teaching process. The research results show that compared to other classmates, through dialogue teaching, learners' teaching effectiveness is slightly improved, and the degree of achievement of learning objectives is also slightly advantageous. This experimental result fully verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the "human-machine dialogue teaching platform for the Russian proficiency test", and validates our research hypothesis. In summary, the Russian exam system based on AI technology has potential advantages in providing personalized learning support and improving exam evaluation. By building an intelligent dialogue teaching platform, learners can gradually improve their thinking and dialogue abilities, thereby achieving better results in Russian learning and exams. This study provides strong support for the development and popularization of Russian education.

-- Feng, Zhu Li, Axue

doi:10.1007/978-981-99-5800-9_6

Summary

2024-01-01

Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Steady-State Microbunching

10.1007/978-981-99-5800-9_6

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5800-9_6

AbstractIn this final chapter, we give a brief summary of the dissertation, and present some useful results for practitioners.

-- Deng, Xiujie

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-34644-6_56

Mathematical Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of MR Fluid Damper

2024-01-01

Techno-societal 2022

10.1007/978-3-031-34644-6_56

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34644-6_56

AbstractIn recent years, magnetorheological fluid dampers have been paid more attention because of their smart nature and properties. This paper presents the mathematical background of magnetorheological fluid dampers and their use in advanced technological applications. The main objective of this paper is to delineate how to find equations of motion for dynamics of MR dampers for different degrees of freedom and how to find their responses for various damping forces. In this paper, the performance of a MR damper are compared by MATLAB simulation.

-- Salunkhe, Hanmant Thikane, Surendra Sadale, Shivaji

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-42778-7_43

Assessment of the Life Cycle Cost and Improvement of the Parametric Series of Torque-Flow Pumps

2024-01-01

Advanced Manufacturing Processes V

10.1007/978-3-031-42778-7_43

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42778-7_43

AbstractThe research developed and proposed criteria for a comprehensive assessment of the life cycle cost of a dynamic pump installation, which allows to practically and visually assess the value of energy efficiency (energy consumption indicator εeff) and mass-dimensional qualities (material capacity indicator εmat) of dynamic pumps. The practical application of the developed indicators made it possible to evaluate the value of energy efficiency and mass-dimensional qualities of the existing parametric series of TFP torque-flow pumps. It was determined that many torque-flow pumps significantly exceeded average energy consumption and material capacity indicators. An updated promising torque-flow pump TFP 25-28-2900 was developed. The energy efficiency of this pump at BEP mode is 0.4578. The design of the promising TFP 25-28-2900 pump made it possible to reduce the energy consumption indicator εeff up to 51.2% and the material capacity indicator εmat up to 74.6%. The research results correspond to the guidelines approved by the United Nations as Sustainable Development Goals, i.e., clean water and sanitation, affordable and clean energy, and industry, innovation and infrastructure.

-- Kondus, Vladyslav Sotnyk, Mykola Sokhan, Andriy Antonenko, Serhii Rybalchenko, Volodymyr

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-39191-0_4

The History of Biomedical Engineering

2024-01-01

History of Romanian Technology and Industry

10.1007/978-3-031-39191-0_4

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39191-0_4

AbstractThis chapter is about biomedical engineering in the country. The opening preamble introduces this realm, a relatively new, multidisciplinary, and multiphysics area of science, education, research, and technology devoted to solving problems in the medicine and biology parts of physics. The following section is devoted to the outstanding forefathers of biomedical engineering and the education and achievements that boded this industry in the country. The third section concerns biomedical schools, technology, and engineering in the interwar decades, from private initiatives to state-ruled education, institutions, and industry. Section four concerns biomedical engineering, education, and research in the post-war and contemporary periods. A birds’ eye view reference timeline presents the organizations, committees, national chapters, and bodies of bioengineering.

-- Morega, Alexandru Mihail

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-34664-4_2

Motion and Power Spectrum of Driven Damped Oscillator: Analytical and Numerical Account

2024-01-01

Numerical Exploration of Fourier Transform and Fourier Series

10.1007/978-3-031-34664-4_2

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34664-4_2

AbstractThis chapter contains analytical and numerical solutions of differential equation of motion of driven damped oscillator using 4th order Runge-Kutta method. Data of the numerical solution are fed to a discrete Fourier transform program to obtain frequency content of the system. Programs were written in Mathematica to achieve these.

-- Chowdhury, Sujaul Al Sakib, Abdullah

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-40945-5_3

Incoherent Undulator Radiation

2024-01-01

Principles of Free Electron Lasers

10.1007/978-3-031-40945-5_3

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40945-5_3

AbstractThe spontaneous synchrotron radiation produced by individual electrons executing undulatory trajectories in a magnetostatic field is incoherent and is the radiation mechanism used in synchrotron light sources. The magnetostatic fields in these devices are formally identical to those employed in free-electron lasers but are commonly referred to as undulators rather than wigglers. The reason for this is that electron synchrotrons produce high-energy electron beams which permit the use of extremely long-period undulations. The use of long-period undulations makes possible the production of relatively large amplitude magnetostatic fields which are required to ensure the production of a relatively high radiation intensity from this incoherent mechanism. In contrast, since the free-electron laser relies on a coherent emission process, the wiggler magnets employed can be of shorter periods and lower amplitudes. However, incoherent synchrotron radiation is produced in free-electron lasers as well. In this chapter, we present a derivation of the spontaneous undulator radiation emitted as individual electrons propagate through the wiggler. However, it should be noted that this is only one part of the process. The spontaneously emitted photons can stimulate the emission of more photons or be reabsorbed. The complete physics must include both the spontaneous and stimulated emission mechanisms. Aspects of the stimulated emission, including both the linear instability and nonlinear saturation of that instability, are presented in the succeeding chapters.

-- Freund, Henry P. Antonsen, Jr., T. M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-34664-4_1

Exploring Fourier Transform and Fourier Series Approximation Numerically

2024-01-01

Numerical Exploration of Fourier Transform and Fourier Series

10.1007/978-3-031-34664-4_1

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34664-4_1

AbstractThis chapter contains practical demonstrations on numerically obtaining Fourier transform of given numerical data. In particular, we demonstrate how to obtain the frequencies that are present in the data numerically using what is called discrete Fourier transform. We also demonstrate how to numerically obtain Fourier series approximation to any function. Programs were written in Mathematica in this regard.

-- Chowdhury, Sujaul Al Sakib, Abdullah

doi:10.2991/978-2-38476-108-1_40

A Comprehensive Scientific Literacy Analysis of Biology Textbooks Used by Indonesian Senior High Schools

2024-01-01

Online Conference of Education Research International (OCERI 2023)

10.2991/978-2-38476-108-1_40

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-108-1_40

AbstractAs the primary teaching material for the learning process carried out in school, textbooks contribute to the development of students’ scientific literacy. This study examines the literacy element of scientific literacy in Biology textbooks commonly used in Indonesian high schools. This analysis process involved four aspects of scientific literacy. A scientific literacy analysis was carried out on seven highly used Biology textbooks in senior high schools. The results suggest that the textbooks have properly involved the scientific literacy aspects, primarily in the aspect of science as a body of knowledge (85.89%), science as a way of thinking (68.1%), and science as a means of investigation (65.54%). Meanwhile, the textbooks only moderately discuss the aspect of the interaction of science, technology, and society (57.32%). Consequently, improvements in the content of biology textbooks on the aspect of scientific literacy are required to grow scientific literacy skills through teaching and learning in schools.

-- Murniati, Neni Susilo, Herawati Listyorini, Dwi

doi:10.1007/s40544-022-0726-2

Achieving near-infrared-light-mediated switchable friction regulation on MXene-based double network hydrogels

2024-01-01

Friction

2223-7704

40544

10.1007/s40544-022-0726-2

39 , 1 , 12

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40544-022-0726-2

AbstractMXene possesses great potential in enriching the functionalities of hydrogels due to its unique metallic conductivity, high aspect ratio, near-infrared light (NIR light) responsiveness, and wide tunability, however, the poor compatibility of MXene with hydrogels limits further applications. In this work, we report a uniformly dispersed MXene-functionalized poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM)/poly-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (PAMPS) double network hydrogel (M—DN hydrogel) that can achieve switchable friction regulation by using the NIR light. The dispersity of MXene in hydrogels was significantly improved by incorporating the chitosan (CS) polymer. This M—DN hydrogel showed much low coefficient of friction (COF) at 25 °C due to the presence of hydration layer on hydrogel surface. After illuminating with the NIR light, M—DN hydrogel with good photothermal effect rapidly raised the temperature to above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), which led to an obvious increase of surface COF owing to the destruction of the hydration layer. In addition, M—DN friction control hydrogel showed good recyclability and controllability by tuning “on-off” of the NIR light. This work highlights the construction of functional MXene hydrogels for intelligent lubrication, which provides insight for interface sensing, controlled transmission, and flexible robotic arms.

-- Wu, Pengxi Zeng, Cheng Guo, Jinglun Liu, Guoqiang Zhou, Feng Liu, Weimin

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-40945-5_15

Chaos in Free-Electron Lasers

2024-01-01

Principles of Free Electron Lasers

10.1007/978-3-031-40945-5_15

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40945-5_15

AbstractResearchers in the field of chaos are concerned with the basic properties of the solutions of systems of nonlinear equations. This interest stems from the fact that almost every physical system can be described at some level of approximation by a system of nonlinear equations. The development of this field has led to several general conclusions about nonlinear systems. On the one hand, even the simplest deterministic nonlinear systems can exhibit behavior that is complicated and appears to be random. This behavior has been termed chaos. On the other hand, the chaotic behavior of much more complicated systems often seems to follow the same rules as the simple systems. Thus, there is order in the chaos. In this chapter, we introduce some basic concepts regarding chaos and nonlinear dynamics before going on to a discussion of the application of these concepts to the physics of free-electron lasers.

-- Freund, Henry P. Antonsen, Jr., T. M.

doi:10.1007/978-981-99-4495-8_1

A Theoretical Review on Challenges and Solutions of the Free Radical Scavenging Capability of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (SWCNTs)

2024-01-01

Micro and Nanoelectronics Devices, Circuits and Systems

10.1007/978-981-99-4495-8_1

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4495-8_1

AbstractIt is believed that the free radicals can harmfully influence several vital biomolecules including proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, consequently leading to various chronic diseases like cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) behave as good free radical scavengers in the front lines of theoretical models. But, literature review of ‘SWCNT as free radical scavengers’ suggests that the potentiality of SWCNTs in this field has not been investigated extensively and is yet to attain its exceeding limit. This might be due to the discrepancies existing in the theoretical models to mimic the reality. Moreover, there are experimental challenges, which necessities to be highlighted so as to permit the translation of SWCNTs into the clinic. In this review paper, we have tried to explore these discrepancies and challenges on the free radical scavenging ability of SWCNT along with some possible solutions.

-- Malakar, Meenakshi

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-39191-0_12

Romanian Personalities in the Field of Engineering

2024-01-01

History of Romanian Technology and Industry

10.1007/978-3-031-39191-0_12

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39191-0_12

AbstractThe chapter briefly presents the biographies of the most representative personalities who made contributions in the field of engineering born in Romania, of Romanian origin or who worked on the territory of Romania.

-- Banabic, Dorel

doi:10.1007/s40544-023-0772-4

Friction reactions induced by selective hydrogenation of textured surface under lubricant conditions

2024-01-01

Friction

2223-7704

40544

10.1007/s40544-023-0772-4

174 , 1 , 12

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40544-023-0772-4

AbstractThe passivation of hydrogen atoms and the conformation of textured surfaces under oil-lubricated conditions are effective strategies to obtain amorphous carbon (a-C) films with extremely low friction. It is critical to understanding the influence mechanism of selective surface hydrogenation on the tribological behaviors of textured a-C film under oil-lubricated conditions. In particular, the interactions of hydrogen atoms and lubricants are confusing, which is enslaved to the in situ characterization technique. The reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) simulations were conducted to analyze the friction response of textured a-C films with selective hydrogenation surfaces under oil-lubricated conditions. The results indicate that the existence of hydrogen atoms on specific bump sites significantly decreases the friction coefficient (μ) of textured a-C film, which is highly dependent on the surface hydrogen content. The repulsion between hydrogen atoms and lubricant molecules prompts the formation of a dense lubricant film on the surface of the mating material. Interestingly, with the enhancement of the surface hydrogen content, the passivation of the friction interface and the repulsion between hydrogen atoms and lubricants play dominant roles in reducing the friction coefficient instead of hydrodynamic lubrication.

-- Du, Naizhou Wei, Xubing Li, Xiaowei Chen, Zan Lu, Shiqi Ding, Jiaqing Feng, Cunao Chen, Kai Qiao, Jianghao Zhang, Dekun Lee, Kwang-Ryeol Zhang, Tiancai

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-37989-5_10

Emergence of Cutting-Edge Technologies on Logic Locking

2024-01-01

Understanding Logic Locking

10.1007/978-3-031-37989-5_10

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37989-5_10

AbstractAs the complexity and abundance of integrated circuits (ICs) continue to increase, failure analysis (FA) techniques are also evolving. The introduction of ICs that have more metal interconnect layers, silicon debugging, and diagnosis techniques have undergone a significant transformation. Considering the fact that defects in a chip’s base layer can no longer be easily accessed from the front side of the chip, a paradigm shift has been observed in which the usage of state-of-the-art FA tools has positively impacted the semiconductor industry, resulting in higher yields for ICs, improved probing testing, and shorter time-to-market. However, despite the successes in terms of productivity, emerging probing technologies and techniques have the potential to fail to deliver the appropriate level of security. Research efforts have demonstrated that microelectronic devices are vulnerable to security asset vulnerability due to the malicious use of FA tools, such as obtaining signal information (security asset) by electrical probing, noninvasive probing of registers that carry assets, PUFs, and cache memory. Given the importance of FA techniques continuing to evolve and the requirement of having security measures to protect against such potential threats, this chapter will provide a brief taxonomy of such technologies and demonstrate how they can result in the failure of logic locking techniques, regardless of their level of robustness.

-- Zamiri Azar, Kimia Mardani Kamali, Hadi Farahmandi, Farimah Tehranipoor, Mark

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-36985-8_15

Quantum Gate Introduction: NOT and CNOT Gates

2024-01-01

Introduction to Quantum Computing

10.1007/978-3-031-36985-8_15

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36985-8_15

AbstractWe will introduce the first two quantum gates in this chapter. One is a one-qubit NOT gate and the other is a two-qubit CNOT gate. We will learn how to define a quantum gate. We will learn how they operate on an arbitrary quantum state through matrix multiplication and Dirac bra–ket notation operations. Matrix multiplication is important for implementing quantum computing simulators. Dirac bra–ket notation is important in gaining an intuitive understanding of the gates and designing new algorithms. We will also see the importance of determining the location of the most and least significant qubits in a multiple-qubit gate circuit.

-- Wong, Hiu Yung

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-41341-4_52

Modelling Microstructure and Texture Evolution During Warm Rolling of Strip-Cast Non Grain Oriented Electrical Steel with 3.5wt% Si

2024-01-01

Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity - Current Trends in the Technology of Plasticity

10.1007/978-3-031-41341-4_52

, ,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41341-4_52

AbstractNon-grain-oriented (NO) electrical steels are soft magnetic materials that are commonly used in electrical drives and machines. The magnetic properties of NO electrical steels are influenced by the alloying components (Si + Al), sheet thickness, grain size, and crystallographic texture. Compared to the conventional production of NO electrical steel sheets, which includes continuous casting, hot and cold rolling as well as final annealing, the strip casting process route represents a promising alternative. In addition to a shortened process chain and the associated energy savings and emission reductions, the process also shows a potentially positive influence on the crystallographic texture of the semi-finished sheet. In this work, microstructure and texture evolution during warm rolling of NO electrical sheet with Fe-3.5Si-2Al alloy produced via strip casting is investigated. The experimental investigations involve texture and microstructure measurements before and after rolling. A multiscale top-down simulation model was developed for texture prediction during rolling. The model consists of an elastic plastic-based FEM simulation of the warm rolling process, from which the history of the deformation gradient at different locations for the sheet in the roll gap is obtained. This variable is then imposed on a representative volume element developed with the experimental measurements. Their evolution is simulated with the DAMASK crystal plasticity tool. Here, based on the experimental flow curves, a physics-based dislocation density material model is calibrated by deactivating and activating the shear band parameters. Simulations are performed and the results of the texture evolution using the two models are compared with the experiments. The dislocation density model, when combined with shear band parameters, is best suited to accurately predict the texture intensities along the important λ-, α- and γ-fibers for this material and the intensities quantitatively match the experimental results.

-- Bahs, Tristan Vuppala, Aditya Müller, Max Gerlach, Jannik Bailly, David Hirt, Gerhard