Critical Mass
The minimum amount of fissile material needed to maintain a nuclear chain reaction.
Heat of Reaction
The change in the enthalpy of a chemical reaction that occurs at a constant pressure.
Transuranium Element
Elements with more than 92 protons in their nuclei.
Nucleon
The proton and the Neutron.
Alpha Particle
2 protons and 2 neutrons bond together.
Free Energy (G)
Combined enthalpy and entropy of a system.
Mass Defect
Difference between the mass of an atom and the sum of the masses of its protons, neutrons, and
electrons.
Electron Capture
Inner orbital electron is captured by the nucleus of its own atom.
Chain Reaction
Reaction in which material that starts the reaction is also one of the products that can start
another reaction.
Octane Rating
Measure of its burning efficiency.
Beta Particle
An electron emitted from nucleus during some kinds of radioactive decay.
Radioactive Tracer
Radioactive atoms that are incorporated into substance so that movement of the substance can
be followed by radiation detectors.
Band of Stability
Stable nuclei cluster over a range of neutron-proton ratio.
Activation Energy (Ea)
Minimum energy for a reaction to occur or to transform the reactants into an activated
complex.
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